The need for urban, health, and transportation services is evolving as the population ages. It is becoming more widely acknowledged that mobility is necessary for later-life autonomy, health, and social engagement. In order to analyse senior mobility within a framework for sustainable mobility, this narrative study synthesizes data from recent research as well as Italian reforms and European initiatives. Digital exclusion, affordability, service coverage and dependability, and micro-access are the four recurring obstacles that have been found. This current study offers further insights into the importance of safety perceptions, psychological variables, and the necessity of hybrid digital/analogue information systems. Although the long‑term viability and equity of these options remain uncertain, the evidence points to companionship‑oriented services as a viable complement to traditional public transportation. Data show that user‑centric integrated mobility packages—those that weave together inclusion, affordability, reliable service, solid infrastructure and psychosocial support—outperform fragmented initiatives. While Italian and broader European policy frameworks are increasingly acknowledging these concerns, systematic intersectional evaluation is still needed to guarantee both effectiveness and equity. When mobility is seen as both a right and a competency, it generally takes its place as an element of inclusive sustainable ageing. Holistic, cross‑cutting approaches that go beyond single‑issue remedies can produce improvements in health, strengthen social cohesion and enhance independence.

As people get older, being able to move around safely and on their own is important for their health, happiness, and ability to take part in social activities. This study analyzes research and policies from Europe and Italy to evaluate how public transportation can more effectively assist older adults within a framework of sustainable mobility. Research shows that mobility in old age depends on a number of factors that are linked to each other. Cheap fares are important, but they aren't enough if the services aren't reliable, aren't available often outside of peak hours, or are hard to get to. Older people often decide whether or not they can use public transportation based on small details like safe crossings, benches, shelters, lighting, and short walking distances. Mobile ticketing and real-time travel information are two examples of digital tools that can help some people be more independent. However, they may not be available to everyone who needs them or who doesn't have the skills or confidence to use them. Studies show that using both digital tools and traditional ones, like printed timetables, clear signs, and staff help, makes people happier and more included. Social factors also play a role.