The main purpose of this research is to examine the challenges facing displaced small-scale mining entrepreneurs once mineral resources are discovered in their area. A qualitative study was conducted on the affected populace of Chiyadzwa in the Manicaland province of Zimbabwe. Data were collected through interviews with 35 former small-scale mining entrepreneurs who are now employed in various sectors of the economy. Interviews were used to collect data from respondents, and the major theme approach was used to analyse and present the data. The study established that former small-scale mining entrepreneurs face various challenges such as loss of livelihoods and market disruptions, lack of access to resources, social and cultural displacement, legal and regulatory barriers, lack of support services, and psychological and social stigma. These challenges hinder the sustainability of their newfound small-scale entrepreneurial initiatives. The study highlights that there is a compelling need for integrated relocation policies, strengthened legal and regulatory frameworks, supportive business environment, capacity building and skills development, a comprehensive needs assessment, access to resources and finance, social support and integration to sustain small-scale entrepreneurship in Zimbabwe. The study points to the urgent need for gender-sensitive rural development strategies. Policy responses that target support for women’s businesses and cooperatives by accessing microfinance through institutions like Women’s Bank address the lived realities of those most affected by displacement and informality.

This study explores the challenges faced by small-scale mining entrepreneurs displaced from Chiyadzwa, Zimbabwe, after diamond discoveries. It shows how loss of income, legal barriers, and social disruption limit their ability to rebuild livelihoods. The research calls for fair relocation policies, financial support, and gender-sensitive strategies to sustain entrepreneurship.